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1-wire is an interface that allows you to build networks from devices with a common bus topology, one master - many slaves. Each device has its own unique 64-bit address.
When connecting end devices, such as switches, digital sensors, dangerous interference can occur on long lines, so we use additional protection and improvement of the inputs using optocouplers. By default, all devices with 12 inputs are configured in “Optocoupler” mode using jumpers . If you use interface or analog sensors on the controller inputs, do not forget to disable this mode.
The Atom series controllers give a possibility to connect DS18B20 temperature sensors to multifunctional inputs.
Important! Up to 20 sensors can be connected to one controller input. If the number of sensors is more than 3 and the line length is long, it may be necessary to connect an additional pull-up resistor (between the 3.3V power output and the controller input), with a resistance of 1.5 kОhm to 4.7 kОhm, depending on the length and number of sensors. The greater the length and number of sensors, the smaller resistor should be.
1-wire network topology
Although 1-Wire networks often have a fairly "free topology", they usually fall into several generalized categories based on the distribution of 1-Wire devices and the organization of connecting wires.
1. Linear topology: the 1-Wire bus is formed as a single line, starting from the controller and extending to the most remote slave device. Other slave devices are connected to the 1-Wire bus with small (<3 m) branches.
2. Topology "Star": the 1-Wire bus is divided near the controller and extends to several branches of different lengths. There are subordinate devices along or at the ends of the branches.
Testing has shown that the topology of the star network is the least stable. Different branches have inconsistent electrical parameters, which cause spurious signal reflections in the bus, which cause data errors. For this reason, the use of a star topology is not recommended. If several 1-wire physical lines are installed in the system, the best solution is to connect them to different inputs of the controller.
Interferences in the 1-Wire network
The 1-wire bus is sensitive to interference and the organization of connecting wires. Here are some tips for installing a bus:● Route the 1-Wire bus away from high-voltage wires, transformers and LED lighting wires (they can cause significant interference from high currents and dimming lamps).● No need to use a shielded twisted pair. When you try to ground the screen - the connection is completely lost.● Branches from the bus in 2-3 meters, in general, do not degrade the quality of the system, but can simplify installation.
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